Conceptual Framework and the Importance of Prudence

Question: Talk about the Conceptual Framework and the Importance of Prudence. Answer: Presentation System is required to be created and sorted out before continuing for any work. In this manner, in the work or procedure of bookkeeping additionally structure is required and it is known by the name of Conceptual system. It gives the stage to the organization on which the organization readies the books of record for every single exchange that has taken or will be taken and from there on a similar will be recorded. The structure so created has been made accessible with the legal compliances that the organization needs to do. Legal compliances incorporates the consistence with the arrangements of the Corporations Act 2001, with the arrangements of the significant and relevant bookkeeping and reviewing norms and any consistence that are required to be made as per any law until further notice in power. The primary point of the examination is to characterize the significance of the theoretical structure in the bookkeeping and introduction of the budget reports. How far the idea of judiciousness has influenced the theoretical system of bookkeeping and there by how the introduction of the budget summaries and other report have been influenced. The report has been set up with the assistance of the yearly report of the organization Woolworths Limited. It is the organization enrolled in Australia and recorded in the Australian Stock Exchange. The organization manages all the items that are required by the clients in their day by day life and have chain of stores working in Australia and New Zealand. Through the investigation of yearly report of the organization the report has been readied. From the outset the report has been begun with the presentation itemizing the fundamental point of the investigation and the structure of the paper to be followed. At that point the theoretical systems alongside the reasonability have been talked about. At that point the equivalent have been examined in detail as per various boundaries featured in the yearly report. After the investigation, the examination has been finished with the closing section. Reasonable Framework and Prudence So as to do any sort of work, spread out is required. With no spread out in the event that the work is done, at that point a similar will be done in aimless way like as any development movement taken by the contractual worker without recognizing what is required to be built and where and by what time. Along these lines, the structure assumes extremely indispensable job in the fulfillment of any sort of work in the ideal way. The system is by and large clarified in two classifications. It might be hypothetical or pragmatic. For bookkeeping the two sorts of system are given by the laws and rules of the nation in which the business is working (Anastasia, 2015 and Capital Markets Advisory Committee Meeting, 2013). It is alluded by the name of Conceptual Framework of bookkeeping. Calculated system of bookkeeping is the design of bookkeeping which gives the way and the manner by which the bookkeeping is required to be finished keeping in thought the necessities of different laws, rules, gu idelines and the applicable rules. It is alluded to as the medium which manages the estimation of advantages and liabilities and the correct and sufficient acknowledgment of the salary and costs for the revealing time frame. Further the body made by the Government of Australia as setters of Accounting Standards has helped the bookkeepers of the organization to set up the books of records. It will additionally offer the money related expressions valuable for the organization by following the three attributes to be specific dependable portrayal, dependability and importance. Devoted Representation implies that the budget summaries of the organization will speak to the situation and the presentation of the organization in loyal way. Dependability is alluded to put center around the reality of having the solid fiscal reports that ought to be nonpartisan and liberated from any inclination. Significance is alluded to put center around the reality of having that data that is helpful for the clients of the budget reports (IASB, 2010 and Weiss, 2014). Reasonability is the idea in bookkeeping which conceives that the bookkeeping will be made in evident and reasonable way with no predisposition. The idea of has begun in the structure of bookkeeping the time of nineteen hundred and eighty nine. At the absolute starting point of the idea, reasonability has been as the level of alert utilized while setting up the budget reports in making gauges for bookkeeping principally in the state of lack of bias. The equivalent has been scrutinized by numerous individuals expressing that the idea has been presented with the end goal of modest representation of the truth of net resources just and the net benefit. In the time of 2,000 and ten, in the idea of theoretical system of the bookkeeping, no reference have been made to idea of reasonability shrink in an inferred way or a communicated way. Be that as it may, in the year 2,000 and fifteen the idea of reasonability has been remembered for the theoretical system of bookkeeping and is characteriz ed as to not downplay the liabilities and cost and not to exaggerate the advantages and earnings. The explanation behind consideration is that the clients of the budget summaries and other have begun contending that the fiscal reports so arranged as per the reasonable system isn't judicious in light of the fact that it isn't impartial (Cooper, 2015). Year 1989 Concept of Prudence is incorporated Year 2010 No reference to the idea of reasonability Year 2015 Re presentation of the idea of reasonability Investigation of The Annual Report For making the investigation concerning whether the organizations are consenting to the applied system of the organization or not, the organization Woolworths Limited has been chosen. The organization is occupied with the retail segment which gives the food items as well as different items which in required in the day by day needs and along these lines viewed as the organization having the biggest general store chain Australia and across New Zealand. The yearly report of the organization for the year 2016 has been thought of and has been broke down as per the accompanying boundaries: Compensation Report: In the beginning of the legal report of the chiefs itemizing the Remuneration report and presentation has been referenced from the People Policy Committee (PPC). In this it has been point by point that PPC has embraced the complete correction of the structure of the compensation keeping in thought the pulled together system and structure of the association. It has additionally referenced that the prize results to be paid to the Key Managerial work force, bunch official council and senior administrators have been legitimately connected to the exhibition of the business. This will uphold the way of life of responsibility and the unwavering quality in general association which will assist the organization with having achievement in the long haul. The compensation comprises of two sections. One is fixed which incorporates the essential compensation, superannuation and the vehicle stipend and second is variable which incorporates the part which relies upon the present ation of the organizations. Because of this the KMPs and different administrators may have chosen to build the turnover of the organization or increment the winning per portion of the organization. This shows the KMPs get the personal circumstance conduct and will in general control the fiscal summaries of the organization. Inventories have been esteemed at cost and net feasible whichever is lower. It has been referenced that out of $4558.50 million, $447.80 million have been esteemed at Net Realizable Value. In this way, the inventories have not been exaggerated. Exchange Receivables These are perceived at first at the reasonable worth and from that point toward the finish of each these are checked for the debilitation and whenever affirmed then the disability is reserved and these are perceived at reasonable worth less the hindrance. Accordingly, accounts receivables are likewise not exaggerated. Property, Plant and Equipment The property plant and gear have been estimated at cost of advantage loess the sum put in a safe spot for devaluation and sum relating to the weakness misfortune. Devaluation has been determined utilizing the straight line technique and that too as per the evaluated valuable existence of an advantage. Toward the finish of consistently the organization amends the helpful existence of a benefit and there are the odds that the deterioration cost might be taken at lower worth and in this way influencing the benefit. Impalpable Assets Intangible resource with the limited lives are estimated at cost less measure of amortization determined based on the straight line technique, for example, Victorian gaming qualifications, client connections and property creating rights. Altruism is the abundance sum paid for the procurement of other organization and is perceived. From that point, it is estimated at cost less the measure of any disability misfortune whenever affirmed after the checking of the worth. This shows the elusive resources are esteemed at right worth and there has been no exaggeration of advantages for distort the fiscal reports of the organization. It delineates that the organization has agreed to applied system of bookkeeping and that too with reasonability. End and Recommendation The idea of judiciousness assumes crucial job in the readiness of the budget summaries. The idea has given the route through which the officials of the organization will be at alert while setting up the books of records and coming about fiscal reports. In the report, the premise of theoretical structure has been clarified and the explanation of re incorporation of the idea of judiciousness has been definite alongside the chronicled advancements of the equivalent. For deciding the significance of calculated structure and judiciousness Woolworths Limited has been chosen and its yearly report has been examined through various boundaries expressing whether the organization has consented to the equivalent or not. To finish up, the report has accompanied significant illuminate

Exbibit A, Take Two essays

Exbibit A, Take Two papers The most pacifistic individuals on the planet said they came out of this film and needed to slaughter someone One can just accept Oliver Stone has come to lament the remark he made to the New York Times in 1996, concerning his disputable film Natural Born Killers. Right now, it has been involved in over twelve homicides. There were the youthful French darlings, Parisian residents who drove police on a vehicle pursue, bringing about five passings. Obviously, there were murders stateside too. A teenaged Texan blamed for executing a 13-year old young lady. A Georgia youth who supposedly killed a 82-year Floridian with a shotgun and yelled, Im a characteristic conceived executioner to the TV cameras. At that point there was the murderous Utah teenager who ventured to such an extreme as to impersonate Natural Born Killers wannabe Mickey Knoxs sartorical style, total with tinted granny-style shades and shaven skull. None of these, nonetheless, has gotten a similar press as the story of Sarah Edmondson and Benjamin Darras, a couple who went through the night of March 5, 1995 dropping corrosive and watching the film over and over. Nineteen and eighteen years of age, individually, the two went for an extensive drive the following morning in Edmondsons Nissan Maxima, making two stops with goal to kill. On the main event, they succeeded; Darras shot Bill Savage, a Mississippi specialist, twice in the head and left with Savages wallet. The following day, it was Edmondsons turn. Subsequent to entering a Poncharoula, Louisiana comfort store, Edmondson discharged an inadequately pointed shot into assistant Patsy Byers, incapacitating her. Having neglected to loot the store, Edmondson came back to take from the sales register. Venturing over the draining Byers, Edmondson commented, poor old thing, youre not dead yet. Truth be told, Byers didn't bite the dust for a few additional years, and before she surrendered to malignant growth, she and her family documented claims against Warner Bros., the studio that ... <!

How to Write a Persuasive Essay on Environmental Topics

How to Write a Persuasive Essay on Environmental TopicsIn this article we will be discussing how to write a persuasive essay on environmental topics. A persuasive essay is an argument in a written form that convinces the reader or audience to agree with the author.Writing a persuasive essay on environmental topics can be an important part of your resume. The topic can help you land a job, and even get the interviewer to take you seriously. However, you have to make sure that your essay is focused, and that it is not full of distracting or irrelevant points.The first thing you have to do when writing a persuasive essay on environmental topics is to decide which arguments you will use. Is it about a particular environmental issue? Is it about pollution? How much evidence do you need to support your statement?The reason why it is so important to have a plan before you begin writing a persuasive essay on environmental topics is because you may not know what you will say or how you will s ay it. You have to determine where you are going to start, who you are going to talk to, and when you are going to get your points across. You also have to think about the tone of your essay. For example, are you going to be analytical, or emotive?First of all, a rhetorical trick is to be able to pull off two ideas at once. For example, you could say something like, 'In the last few years air quality has declined in many areas, and many people argue that such an outcome is detrimental to the health of everyone living in these areas.'These two statements would appear to contradict each other, but if you consider the first statement to be true, then the second statement is true too. So you are able to get two statements out of one sentence, which makes this kind of rhetorical trick very effective. By doing this, you can be persuasive about your point and do not look as if you are arguing in a disorganized way.To support your point, you have to write a logical plan. You need to formula te a solution to the problem, or why the situation has become so bad. To make your case more convincing, you need to demonstrate why the situation is so bad, and why it cannot be changed.If you really want to master persuasive essay on environmental topics, then you need to be prepared for the unexpected. There are some cases that are quite difficult to prove, so you should not assume that you have an easy time arguing your case. It takes time and practice to write a persuasive essay on environmental topics, and it is one of the most important parts of your resume.

Why is there a glamorization of serial killers Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Media Glamorization of Serial Killers Acts of violence and murder are constantly condemned by the society. Serial killers are among the criminals that are highly despised by the society, people even think of them as animals and demons and threats them that way (Roy 16). Serial Killers are usually motivated in four ways, namely: visionary, mission-oriented, hedonistic, and power of control (24). These different categories will help develop a clear understanding of the psychological condition of the killers. Several recursive cases of murder that happened in the United States were done by serial killers, some of them already caught by the authorities and a few were still out in open and free to do whatever they want. The irony becomes evident when the responses of society are examined regarding criminals that commit serial murders. People deem these criminals as bad individual that deserves to be punished yet people tend to have more interest with the serial killer and cannot even rec ognize their victims (16). The main reason for this is because serial killers are glamorized by the media, which develops interest among people that make people more concerned about the identity and background of the criminal rather than taking time in knowing the victims that have suffered in the arms of those killers. We will write a custom essay sample on Why is there a glamorization of serial killers or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This paper explores five articles that depict how the media plays a role in the glamorization of serial killers. The articles that will be featured in the paper will present several views that will provide a broader understanding of the glamorization of serial killers. Jennifer Copley (2008) had written an article entitled â€Å"Media Glamorization of the Psychopath† this focuses on the premise that movies, games, other forms of media support a sociopathic hero. The article tackles on the subject that North American media glamorizes the psychopath as a â€Å"brave war hero, fearless police officer, the dynamic villain, or the misunderstood hero† (Copley 1). The article on â€Å"Sex Workers in the Shadows† by Allison Burch (2002) basically describes the scenario among sex workers or prostitutes. These sex workers are often maltreated by their clients and abused, with high vulnerability to attacks from serial killers as well as from law enforcement officers. Two articles were also chosen that contains various inputs on how the movies have been used to glamorize the serial killers. Georgia Custer (2008), wrote about the TV series Dexter, entitled â€Å"CBS shouldn’t Glamorize serial killer on Dexter† where the article focuses mainly on the effect of the series among children and teenagers.

Persuasive Essay On Cancer - 1865 Words

Cancer. We all know someone who has suffered from it or has passed away because of it. Cancer now affects one in every three people, and is the second highest cause of death in the United States. For decades, the medical community has been on the hunt for a cure for cancer, and have been subjected to intense ridicule from the public because of a lack of progression toward a possible cure. In recent years, many scientists, doctors, researchers, and the general public have come to believe that the cure for cancer is being suppressed because of this lack of progress. Those who say it is suppressed claim that the drugs used to treat cancer actually cause cancer, making a patient sicker and sicker. As a result, the patients are forced to spend†¦show more content†¦As a result, the amount of money that gets propelled back into the healthcare industry skyrockets as the list of medical issues following these treatments grows more and more extensive. A study done by Dr. John Diamond shows that females who undergo chemotherapy and radiation treatments â€Å"face a 35% chance of developing breast cancer by the time they are 40, which is 75 times greater than average† (Dr. John Diamond, MD). Chemotherapy and radiation have been proven to weaken, and sometimes completely destroy, the immune system. This makes the already physically unstable patient even more susceptible to illnesses and diseases that they wouldn t otherwise have had to worry about. Consequently, the recurrence of cancer is a very likely, and in some cases, unavoidable. But it is unacceptable that the most common and easily accessible drug is the reason why 35% of patients will develop a second cancer (haematologica.org). Many other cancers can come as a result of chemotherapy too. One study found that, Patients who underwent chemo were 14 times more likely to develop leukemia and 6 times more likely to develop cancers of the bones, joints, and soft tissues than those patients who did not und ergo chemotherapy (Dr. John Diamond, MD). As of now, the survival rate for leukemia is 65-85%, Bone and joint cancer, such as osteosarcoma and ewing sarcoma, is at a 60-80% survival rate, while soft tissue sarcomas have a 83% survivalShow MoreRelatedPrevention Persuasive Essay : Cancer Prevention941 Words   |  4 PagesBiology B Cancer Prevention Persuasive Essay Everyday, an abundance of people ask what they can do to prevent themselves from especially getting cancer. Cancer, very similar to the steps of mitosis, occurs when cells divide uncontrollably. It starts by how a cell or a group of cells doesn’t follow the body’s typical growth controls. Cancer is hard to detect in the early stages due to the fact that it produces very few symptoms. Many rumors go around about what you can do to reduce cancer, but whatRead MorePersuasive Essay On Cancer Screening1207 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction A cancer screening is a test or exam that checks for cancer. Your health care provider will recommend specific cancer screenings based on your age, personal history, and family history of cancer. Work with your health care provider to create a cancer screening schedule that protects your health. Why is cancer screening done? Cancer screenings is done to look for cancer in the very early stages, before it spreads and becomes harder to treat and before you would start to see symptoms.Read MoreSmoking Is Bad For Your Health749 Words   |  3 Pagesmuch grimmer than the short term. Long term effects include but not limited to cancer of the throat, lung, and mouth. Smoking also increases the chances of stomach, kidney, and pancreas. 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The Scientific Revolution And The Reformation - 1435 Words

During the 16th and 18th century such as†,the town of Boston being founded in 1632.† Later, â€Å"Roger Williams arrives in what today is Rhode Island, where he is to establish a settlement with twelve loving friends and neighbors† in 1636.† ( Timeline). All these events added to the idea that the explorers were more important than the scientific revolution and the reformation. Thus, the most important period for me was the explorers because without them we would not have some of the things we have today because they found the New World we use today and without them we would not have had the triangle trade. Supporters of the Explorers believe that without them we would not have the New World. Even if he wasn t the first his goal was to find a route to China going West. In his text/lecture â€Å"Ferdinand Magellan (Portuguese Explorer) †,Francisco Contente Domingues a argues that â€Å"On October 12, 1520, he rounded the Cape of the Virgins (Cabo Và ­rgenes, Argentina) and at approximately 52`50`S entered the passage that proved to be the strait of his seeking, later to bear his name† (Encyclopedia Britannica). Based upon research, it is clear that Ferdinand Magellan is important because he found a different way to go around the world and opened it up for more explorers to come and discover more of the land. 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The world is connectedRead MoreCauses Of The Protestant Reformation725 Words   |  3 Pagesperiod of 1300 to 1789 the churchs power declined by a significant amount. A number of things happened that decreased the churchs power during the time period of 1300 to 1789, but the Protestant reformation and the Scientific Revolution had weakened the role of the church the most. The Protestant Reformation had decreased the role of the church in Europe by decreasing its power by a large margin. Martin Luther had, had some ideas of what was wrong with the church. He expressed his ideas by writingRead MoreEnlightened Philosophers (John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Jean Jacques Rousseau)1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthose times. During the Protestant Reformation, times were also different and his opinion may have altered again. Locke may have not cared about the people as much because he was too busy criticizing the government/ churches. 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Europeans realized that they did not just have to except everything thatRead MoreEssay about Baroque Period (1600-1750) General Background890 Words   |  4 Pagespre-existing cultural differences between Northern and Southern Europe. However, tremendous scientific, philosophical, and artistic accomplishments that constitute the practical foundation of modern civilization flourished side by side with continual warfare, political instability, and religious fervor, bordering on fanaticism. Some of the most significant events of this period are: †¢The Scientific Revolution: A scientific method of inquiry and the separation of science and philosophy from religious dogmaRead MoreThe Reformation Of The 16th Century862 Words   |  4 Pages One of the most significant religious revolution of the 16th century was the Reformation. Martin Luther protested the doctrine of the church such as – indulgence could help ordinary people pay for their sins and that church was the only way to attain salvation. On the other hand Luther believed that faith alone leads to salvation and it can t be won or bought. He criticized the administration of the church for luring people in buying relics saying it represented god or sending them to pilgrimageRead MoreThe Enlightenment Period : The Age Of Reason1332 Words   |  6 Pagesequality and more of a humanistic approach was taken as opposed to traditional practice. This period was heavily influenced by scientific thought, skepticism and intellectual stimulation. The plan of this e ra was to reform society and the way it used reasoning as well as oppose long established customs. Most importantly, the objective was to move forward in the field of scientific thought. The period leading up to the Enlightenment was a transformation of understanding. This span of time emphasized reason

Food poisoning free essay sample

Neglecting hygiene and safe food handling procedures can be financially expensive. The business may suffer a loss of customers, revenue and even be prosecuted. There are penalties or fines imposed for the business and individuals, for not complying with the legal requirements regarding food safety. Individual consumers can suffer significant illness and sometimes death through food poisoning. The consequences and costs of not complying with food safety requirements and implementing food safety procedures are significant for public health, the hospitality and tourism industry sector, and for individual businesses and their employees. The Australian government is proactive in its approach to ensuring food is safe to consume. In Australia, food poisoning is a notifiable disease which requires doctors to report cases of food poisoning to the Health Department. Each state has legal acts, regulations and government initiatives to promote food safety. People who prepare and handle food must be aware of the risks involved, the sources of food contamination and strictly follow procedures in the workplace which prevent foods from becoming contaminated. All staff should have a basic understanding of the federal national codes and standards which underpin state regulatory requirements and the NSW government food safety regulations and other government initiatives which impact on food safety compliance. Food poisoning is caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages. Many different disease-causing microbes or pathogens can contaminate foods, so there are many different types of foodborne illnesses. Neglecting hygiene and safe food handling procedures can be financially expensive. The business may suffer a loss of customers, revenue and even be prosecuted. There are penalties or fines imposed for the business and individuals, for not complying with the legal requirements regarding food safety. Individual consumers can suffer significant illness and sometimes death through food poisoning. The consequences and costs of not complying with food safety requirements and implementing food safety procedures are significant for public health, the hospitality and tourism industry sector, and for individual businesses and their employees. The Australian government is proactive in its approach to ensuring food is safe to consume. In Australia, food poisoning is a notifiable disease which requires doctors to report cases of food poisoning to the Health Department. Each state has legal acts, regulations and government initiatives to promote food safety. People who prepare and handle food must be aware of the risks involved, the sources of food contamination and strictly follow procedures in the workplace which prevent foods from becoming contaminated. All staff should have a basic understanding of the federal national codes and standards which underpin state regulatory requirements and the NSW government food safety regulations and other government initiatives which impact on food safety compliance. Food poisoning is caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages. Many different disease-causing microbes or pathogens can contaminate foods, so there are many different types of foodborne illnesses. Neglecting hygiene and safe food handling procedures can be financially expensive. The business may suffer a loss of customers, revenue and even be prosecuted. There are penalties or fines imposed for the business and individuals, for not complying with the legal requirements regarding food safety. Individual consumers can suffer significant illness and sometimes death through food poisoning. The consequences and costs of not complying with food safety requirements and implementing food safety procedures are significant for public health, the hospitality and tourism industry sector, and for individual businesses and their employees. The Australian government is proactive in its approach to ensuring food is safe to consume. In Australia, food poisoning is a notifiable disease which requires doctors to report cases of food poisoning to the Health Department. Each state has legal acts, regulations and government initiatives to promote food safety. People who prepare and handle food must be aware of the risks involved, the sources of food contamination and strictly follow procedures in the workplace which prevent foods from becoming contaminated. All staff should have a basic understanding of the federal national codes and standards which underpin state regulatory requirements and the NSW government food safety regulations and other government initiatives which impact on food safety compliance. Food poisoning is caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages. Many different disease-causing microbes or pathogens can contaminate foods, so there are many different types of foodborne illnesses. Neglecting hygiene and safe food handling procedures can be financially expensive. The business may suffer a loss of customers, revenue and even be prosecuted. There are penalties or fines imposed for the business and individuals, for not complying with the legal requirements regarding food safety. Individual consumers can suffer significant illness and sometimes death through food poisoning. The consequences and costs of not complying with food safety requirements and implementing food safety procedures are significant for public health, the hospitality and tourism industry sector, and for individual businesses and their employees. The Australian government is proactive in its approach to ensuring food is safe to consume. In Australia, food poisoning is a notifiable disease which requires doctors to report cases of food poisoning to the Health Department. Each state has legal acts, regulations and government initiatives to promote food safety. People who prepare and handle food must be aware of the risks involved, the sources of food contamination and strictly follow procedures in the workplace which prevent foods from becoming contaminated. All staff should have a basic understanding of the federal national codes and standards which underpin state regulatory requirements and the NSW government food safety regulations and other government initiatives which impact on food safety compliance. Food poisoning is caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages. Many different disease-causing microbes or pathogens can contaminate foods, so there are many different types of foodborne illnesses. Neglecting hygiene and safe food handling procedures can be financially expensive. The business may suffer a loss of customers, revenue and even be prosecuted. There are penalties or fines imposed for the business and individuals, for not complying with the legal requirements regarding food safety. Individual consumers can suffer significant illness and sometimes death through food poisoning. The consequences and costs of not complying with food safety requirements and implementing food safety procedures are significant for public health, the hospitality and tourism industry sector, and for individual businesses and their employees. The Australian government is proactive in its approach to ensuring food is safe to consume. In Australia, food poisoning is a notifiable disease which requires doctors to report cases of food poisoning to the Health Department. Each state has legal acts, regulations and government initiatives to promote food safety. People who prepare and handle food must be aware of the risks involved, the sources of food contamination and strictly follow procedures in the workplace which prevent foods from becoming contaminated. All staff should have a basic understanding of the federal national codes and standards which underpin state regulatory requirements and the NSW government food safety regulations and other government initiatives which impact on food safety compliance.

Surface Tension of Water Research Essay Example

Surface Tension of Water Research Essay My science fair project is on the surface tension of water and what affects the surface tension of water. The question that I am going to ask is how does temperature and salinity of water affect the surface tension of the water. My hypothesis is that the colder and the saltier that the water is, the stronger that the surface tension of the water will be. Some of the background research that I have done has explained to me that the surface tension of water is a property of a liquids surface that can cause it to resist external forces. Surface tension is caused by the property of cohesion which is intermolecular attraction between two or more similar molecules. The molecules on the surface of the liquid in this case water have no molecules on top of them and are pulled inward which creates internal pressure of the liquid which causes the surface to contract to the minimal area possible. An easier way to look at it is like this, a molecule that is in contact with an acquaintance is in a lower state of energy than if it were alone so there for the interior of molecules have as many neighbors as they can possibly have but the outer molecules that are on the surface do not try to do such and they have a much higher energy because of it. We will write a custom essay sample on Surface Tension of Water Research specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Surface Tension of Water Research specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Surface Tension of Water Research specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I also found that surface tension is measured in forces per unit length and stated in newton’s per meter but it can also be measured as joules per square meter if it is in the use of thermodynamics where it is expressed as work done per unit of area where it is stored as potential energy which is the energy that a piece of matter has because of its position or because of its arrangement of parts. Water molecules that are at the surface are like a frozen stretched out sheet of optimally bonded molecules, as the molecules shake into the minimal energy configuration. Each water molecule which consists of one oxygen and two hydrogen’s also known as H2O can form hydrogen bonds with four other water molecules. The way that surface tension forms is first that the number of hydrogen bonds of water molecules on the surface is maximized as much as possible then entropy which is a statistical measure of the disorder of a closed system is maximized by minimizing the amount of water molecules on the surface. Lastly tension on the surface of the water is increased as the high energy molecules move to the low energy regions of the fluid. The air outside of the surface film is hydrophobic which means that it cannot form a hydrogen bond that is why the water molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds with the air because air is composed of largely spaced gas molecules. The surface of the water does come into contact with the air though but it happens rarely and when it does the nitrogen and oxygen molecules collide with the water and no bonds are formed so the gas molecules return to freely float around the air. The interface boundary of the liquid in this case water is formed by the difference in attractions between liquids and gases. The measurement of surface tension of a liquid is really just a measurement of forces because of its various properties of balancing the forces which create surface tension. Surface interactions are very critical in analyzing the behavior of liquids. Modern methods of surface tension measurement can be digital, like the Goniometer method, which measures surface contact angle and the capillary pressure between two fixed fluids, like water and air. This method measures pressure differences of the two fluids and compares the pressure to the shape of the liquids surface. There are very many uses of surface tension measurement. Surface interactions are a major process in examining the behavior of liquids. The relationship between the pressures involved in surface tension measurement is very important in defining their properties. There are several different forms of surface tension which means that there are many different ways of measuring surface tension in terms of data applications and analyzations. The most commonly known way is called the du Nouy ring method developed in 1925 by Pierre Lecomte du Nouy which is a method which uses a force to lift a platinum ring from the surface of a liquid and measuring the amount of force that was required to do so. I did much research into the ideas and theories behind surface tension and what I found most interesting was the different ways of measuring the surface tension and how the surface tension cannot bond with air. Bibliography: * Coffey, J. (n. d. ). Surface Tension. Universe Today — Space and astronomy news. Retrieved November 9, 2011, from http://www. universetoday. com/81655/surface-tension/ * Surface tension. (n. d. ). Attension Precision made simple. Retrieved November 9, 2011, from http://www. attension. com/surface-tension. aspx * Viscosity-Surface Tension-properties of liquid. (n. d. ). Welcome to City Collegiate. Retrieved November 9, 2011, from http://www. citycollegiate. com/viscosity. htm * ayers, a. (n. d. ). What Is Surface Tension? : Hydrogen Bonds, Organized Water and Maximized Entropy | Suite101. com. Suite101. com: Online Magazine and Writers Network. Retrieved November 9, 2011, from http://www. suite101. com/content/what-is-surface-tension-a133497 * mcdonagh, b. (n. d. ). Surface Tension Measurement – ATA Scientific Articles. Particle Size Analyser, Rheometers, CD Spectropolarimeters ATA Scientific. Retrieved November 9, 2011, from http://www. atascientific. com. au/blog/2010/06/21/surface-tension-measurement//

The Naysayers Make the Most Noise

The Naysayers Make the Most Noise A writer wrote me about how distraught he was at the negativity about becoming a writer. He professed to being an introvert, and he felt I would understand his concerns because I profess to being an introvert. So we chatted. He has made his way through life via his writing more so than his verbal repartee. Oh boy, I can really relate to that. Every success I ever had in my life somehow originated from the written word. He fought to find his way in this writing mayhem out there, to see how he can make a partial living from his writing. Â  However, what upset him was the deluge of negativity. = Most people dont edit well enough to sell. Â   = There are too many writers so dont expect to sell much. = The agents take advantage of you. = The publishers take advantage of you. = Editors dont understand writers. = Vanity presses rip you off. = Editors rip you off. = Contracts rip you off. I could go on for the entire newsletter with that list. All the racket on the internet warns writers to watch out, be careful, demons await you around every turn and in every click to a how-to website. Well, let me tell you something, my sweethearts trembling in the shadows . . . those that screw up usually make the most noise. The people who struggled with their book and made no sales, who were taken advantage of Like I tell people in my classes . . . do your homework before publishing. Dont listen to the screamers who were taken advantage of or made bad decisions. Usually they are still uninformed, still stinging from being duped, and only have revenge in their sights. Dont get sucked into the drama. Take your time writing, then take your time editing, then take your time publishing. Know your options and know them well. I speak to writers each and every day about slowing down and educating themselves. But I can only shake my head at the ones who then reply (often sharply): = I found this one publisher who sounds good and wants my material (yet the writer cannot tell me if they are traditional or indie). = I trust this. (Sorry, but you dont trust a publisher . . . you have a business relationship sealed in a negotiated contract and you are NOT friends.) = The publisher will edit this for me. They wont let bad stuff get published. (Then I hear its a vanity press.) = I cannot afford an editor, website, or time to promote; so Ill put it up on Amazon and see what happens. = Im writing this book now, and my plan is to have it published = Im not writing/promoting/blogging like everyone else, so the rules dont apply to me (two of those this week). The noise isnt always the place to run too. Sometimes its what you run from.

Film analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Film analysis - Essay Example presents this plot in pre-World War II California, with a drifter named Frank Chambers as the lover, Cora Smith-Papadakis as the scheming wife, and Nick â€Å"Greek† Papadakis as the unsuspecting husband; and a controversial Chinese motion picture directed by Zhang Yimou and Yang Fengliang with the title Ju Dou (1990), having early 1900’s rural China as its setting with Tianqing as the lover and Ju Dou as the wife of a ruthless textile mill owner Jinshan, Tianqing’s adoptive uncle. The concept of a cheating wife getting rid of the husband and living with her lover for the rest of their lives is what makes the two stories similar, however major differences with the genre, the settings, and the context as well as the cultural background and character motivations are factors that separate the two stories from each other. The settings in both stories show that the husband and wife work together to earn their living. Nick and Cora operate a roadside sandwich joint (Cain Chap. 1 p.3), and similarly Jinshan and Ju Dou work together in running a large textile mill in a rural village (Ju Dou). Another similarity with the two pairs is that both women got married to a man they do not love, and must work each day despite not being happy with their lives. What sets the two stories apart is that in the case of the western couple, Cora seems to have enough guts and confidence to assert herself and that her husband does not control her too freely, while in the eastern couple Ju Dou is entirely submissive to her husband Jinshan and always gets beatings from him nearly each night since she cannot give him a son. She is also gets verbal abuse each day due to this dilemma, even if in reality Jinshan was really the barren one due to having a good deal of wives unable to bear him any children (Ju Dou). Being unable to take any more of her husband’s beating, as well as slowly being attracted to her adopted nephew Tianqing who treats her well despite having awkward and silent

Budgetary Control Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Budgetary Control - Assignment Example Accounting practices such as, budgetary control and performance management prevails within organizations and as such they are part of organization’s wider environment (Scott, 2001). The practice of budgetary control has the potential to create several ways of social and organizational functioning and this practice often goes through certain modifications in response to changes in organizational form and society (Hopwood, 1994). As a consequence of this, budgetary control and performance management practices are by no means stationary phenomena within organizations. These practices that change over time are not homogenous and can take a different shape in response to varying contents, places and times. The management accounting practice of budgetary control and its subsequent use in performance management and reporting are considered to be very important in current business environment (Fowler, 2008). The requirement to adopt such accounting techniques was a tenet in the 90s followed by majority of world organizations. The usage of budgetary control as an accounting practice has evolved since then, precisely because of its significant contribution in the field of organizational performance management (Stieglitz and Heine, 2007). In order to be able to critically evaluate the claim regarding use of budgetary control in performance management, the researcher will have to conduct a thorough review of empirical literatures, encompassing each and every aspect of budgetary control with an aim to establish a relationship between budgetary control and performance management. It is widely known that resources of an organization need to be efficiently and effectively managed in order to achieve organizational objectives. This implies that organizations must have the ability to achieve its objectives by adopting cost effective strategies. Thus, management of performance requires coordination and control of the efforts made by an

Scenario Of Family Business Management Information Technology Essay

Scenario Of Family Business Management Information Technology Essay A family business is a business in which one or more members of one or more families have a significant ownership interest and significant commitments toward the business overall well-being. In some countries, many of the largest publicly listed firms are family-owned. A firm is said to be family-owned if a person is the controlling shareholder; that is, a person (rather than a state, corporation, management trust, or mutual fund) can garner enough shares to assure at least 20% of the voting rights and the highest percentage of voting rights in comparison to other shareholders. Family businesses may have owners who are not family members. Family businesses may also be managed by individuals who are not members of the family. However, family members are often involved in the operations of their family business in some capacity and, in smaller companies, usually one or more family members are the senior officers and managers. Many businesses that are now public companies were family businesses. Family participation as managers and/or owners of a business can strengthen the company because family members are often loyal and dedicated to the family enterprise. However, family participation as managers and/or owners of a business can present unique problems because the dynamics of the family system and the dynamics of the business systems are often not in balance. PROBLEMS IN FAMILY BUSINESSMANAGEMENT The interests of a family member may not be aligned with the interest of the business. For example, if a family member wants to be president but is not as competent as a non-family member, the personal interest of the family member and the well being of the business may be in conflict. The interests of the entire family may not be balanced with the interests of their business. For example, if a family needs its business to distribute funds for living expenses and retirement but the business requires those to stay competitive, the interests of the entire family and the business are not aligned. Finally, the interest of one family member may not be aligned with another family member. For example, a family member who is an owner may want to sell the business to maximize their return, but a family member who is an owner and also a manager may want to keep the company because it represents their career and they want their children to have the opportunity to work in the business. . For example, if a family needs its business to distribute funds for living expenses and retirement but the business requires those to stay competitive, the interests of the entire family and the business are not aligned. Finally, the interest of one family member may not be aligned with another family member. For example, a family member who is an owner may want to sell the business to maximize their return, but a family member who is an owner and also a manager may want to keep the company because it represents their career and they want their children to have the opportunity to work in the business. SCENARIOS OF FAMILY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT But balancing competing interests often become difficult in three situations. The first situation is when the founder wants to change they are involved in the business. Usually the founder begins this transition by involving others to manage the business. Involving someone else to manage the company requires the founder to be more conscious and formal in balancing personal interests with the interests of the business because they can no longer do this alignment automatically-someone else is involved. The second situation is when more than one person owns the business and no single person has the power and support of the other owners to determine collective interests. For example, if a founder intends to transfer ownership in the family business to their four children, two of whom work in the business, how do they balance these unequal differences? The four siblings need a system to do this themselves when the founder is no longer involved. The third situation is when there are multiple owners and some or all of the owners are not in management. Given the situation above, there is a higher chance that the interests of the two sons not employed in the family business may be different than the interests of the two sons who are employed in the business. Their potential for differences does not mean that the interests cannot be aligned, it just means that there is a greater need for the four owners to have a system in place that differences can be identified and balanced. SUCCESS OF FAMILY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Successfully balancing the differing interests of family members and/or the interests of one or more family members on the one hand and the interests of the business on the other hand require the people involved to have the competencies, character and commitment to do this work. Often family members can benefit from involving more than one professional advisor, each having the particular skill set needed by the family. Some of the skill sets that might be needed include communication, conflict resolution, family systems, finance, legal, accounting, insurance, investing, leadership development, management development, and strategic planning. INNOVATIVE TRENDS IN FAMILY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT . There are three major trends among the most innovative family business management that together will have a strong impact on wealth holders and the providers to these families: Develop new sources of knowledge. Family business continuously gather practical information from a wide variety of sources. As a result, much of the information these families receive comes from providers of products and services, who have a commercial motive. To further complicate matters, products and advice are often bundled together, with free services subsidized by the revenues generated from other components of the package. Unsurprisingly, the most complex and/or illiquid offerings tend to have the highest embedded costs. Family business management increasingly supplement these sources of information through peering communicating with each other to compare experiences and solutions.At its best, this is a global exercise in which family business actively seek to learn from their peers around the world. Leading families recognize that local networks must be supplemented to ensure that they access more than a location-specific consensus shared by those who, for example, live in the same place, share the same social network, or rely upon the same sources of information. Unbundle, measure, and innovate. The most sophisticated family business recognize that products, platforms, and advice, are fundamentally distinct. They are creating customized solutions from select providers in each category, rather than accepting a bundled offering from a single source. This unbundling allows for more accurate measurement of the value provided by each component. This in turn allows family business management to see new areas of opportunity and to swap out only the individual components that are not working according to specific performance criteria. While trust remains paramount, the foundation of trust is shifting to be based on competence and track record rather than simply a personal relationship. The most enduring relationships are being built upon informed trust, which requires a clear understanding of the way a providers business works. Family business are increasingly focused on measuring inputs and outputs. This means that they are paying closer attention to the transaction costs of interm ediation and actively seeking to calibrate economic incentives to better align costs with value. This requires a nuanced understanding of the inner workings of products and services so that meaningful benchmarks and cross-comparisons can be established. The most sophisticated families consider both absolute and relative value, using peer-based benchmarks as an input to their evaluations. Pursue opportunities globally. The inputs that family business use to create their solutions increasingly come from all over the world, not just their home countries. This trend is a direct result of the two trends described above. Family business have both the means and the incentives to invest in understanding foreign markets and practices. The empirical case for doing so is strong, particularly when local knowledge can be applied to less efficient markets. In addition to globalizing their portfolios, family business increasingly seek opportunities from direct investments. Family business are pursuing returns through country-specific direct investments, such as real estate or private equity, which require a greater level of due diligence and commitment (and offer greater potential rewards). These investments are often made in partnership with other sophisticated private investors who have relevant expertise in co-direct investment or club investing arrangements. The pervasive changes underway in the family busin ess market reinforce each other. Increased knowledge leads to better analysis of a wider set of opportunities, and this allows investors to unbundle and measure, so that they can be more creative in devising comprehensive, global solutions. The more innovation that occurs in the market as a result of this creativity, the greater the additional knowledge creation and sharing.While the effects of this shift are now being felt. STRUCTURING OF FAMILY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT When the family business is basically owned and operated by one person, that person usually does the necessary balancing automatically. For example, the founder may decide the business needs to build a new plant and take less money out of the business for a period so the business can accumulate cash needed to expand. In making this decision, the founder is balancing his personal interests (taking cash out) with the needs of the business (expansion). ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Organizational structure defines the roles and activities required of people in order to meet the objectives of the business. The structure should also help people accomplish their own career and personal goals. Concern with motivation and communication should influence the organizational structure. In defining an organizational structure, the manager has four objectives in mind: (1)- division of tasks, (2)- coordination of efforts and tasks among people and enterprises, (3)- control over the way in which tasks are performed and (4)- flow of information. To accomplish these four objectives, the manager must decide the positions to be filled and the duties, responsibilities and authority attached to each position. PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS OF ORGANIZING Regardless of the specific characteristics of a horticultural business, some principles of organizing will be helpful. These principles have two uses. First, they are helpful in the actual design of the organizational structure. Second, they can serve as a check list for evaluating and improving the current organizational structure. EXCEPTION PRINCIPLE Someone must be available to handle the exceptions to the usual, i.e., someone must be in charge. When an employee or worker has a problem he or she can not handle, the organizational structure should provide for someone higher in the organization to provide assistance. DECENTRALIZATION Decisions should be pushed down to the lowest level possible in the organization. The more routine a decision, the lower the level in the organization where it should be handled. To illustrate, workers waiting each morning to be told what to do and where to do it can be a great waste of manager and worker time. Workers having a routine not requiring daily instruction, and workers being trained to handle with confidence decisions within their job descriptions illustrate decentralization. The objective is to overcome the waste of time stemming from too much centralization of decision making. Working managers rather than managed workers should be the goal. PARITY PRINCIPLE Decentralization requires delegation. With delegation comes responsibility. Authority should be delegated along with responsibility. To illustrate, assume the 18 year old son of the owner of a landscape firm has been given the responsibility of taking a crew of 3 people, each over 25 years old, to a landscaping site to plant 5 trees and 30 bushes. Further assume that the son has no authority to decide how hard it has to be raining before the crew stops working, no authority to correct a person who is digging the holes for the trees and bushes too deep and no authority to reward the crew member who is doing by far the best job. It is easy for the 3 workers to ignore the son if they have been accustomed to taking orders only from the owner and the owner has given the workers no indication of what authority the son does and does not have. SPAN OF CONTROL The span of control is the number of people a manager supervises. The organizational decision to be made is the number of subordinates a manager can effectively lead. The typical guideline is a span of control of no more than 5-6 people. However, a larger span of control is possible depending on the complexity, variety and proximity of jobs. The ability, experience and style of the manager also affects the desirable span of control. Finally, worker characteristics should affect the span of control. Well trained, motivated, experienced and satisfied workers require relatively little supervision. Owner/operators of family businesses often have span of control problems because of a me attitude. As a family business grows and people are added, the manager still may want everyone reporting to her rather than delegate responsibility and authority to a middle manager. UNITY PRINCIPLE Ideally, no one in an organization reports to more than one supervisor. Having more than one supervisor causes an employee relatively few problems if the supervisors have good coordination and frequent communication. However, supervisors typically lack the time for the necessary coordination and communication. Too often, employees get conflicting instructions and assignments. Employees should not have to decide which of their supervisors to make unhappy because of the impossibility of following all the instructions given them. OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE There is no one family or ownership structure; it have family businesses that are owned by one sole owner. When it comes to the second generation, most of them turn into a sibling partnership with very few but strong owners who hold large shares in the company. In the next generation, it come to a cousin federation and maybe one day we are a family dynasty like Haniel or Wendel. Each stage has its own problems. It must understand the stage you are at, asking the right questions and giving the right answers relevant to that stage. The transition from one stage to another creates a crisis because, in the next generation, you have different questions and you have to give different answers. If you understand that there is a crisis and find the right answers, this crisis may create a chance. Owner strategy starts, like every strategy, with some simple key questions: what is our vision, what is the mission statement we have as owner family. More specific questions for owner families include the following: who can become a member of the owner group. From whom can member groups inherit their shares  and to whom can they sell shares? How do we want to deal with in-laws and the next generation Emotions must be dealt with effectively when managing a family business and managing a family that owns a business. Successful families are families who are better at addressing emotional problems and then solving them. Values and aims must be clarified if any group wants to be successful. This helps prevent conflict when making decisions. Knowing the company goals and the family aims is important otherwise, a family cannot determine whether it is successful or not. In successful family businesses, strategies will change, but the values remain very stable over generations. BUSINESS STRUCTURE This is the business model follow. It often starts with the entrepreneurial stage and then it turns to a traditional and classical family business. There are several different business models and each family should address some essential questions when choosing the correct one. Do we want to be a more focused or more diversified owner family? How do we want to influence the business? Do we want to run it or just control it? Do we want only to act as owners and let outside people control it? How should we manage the owner family so that we maintain family unity and commitment? New Ideas We must formulate a family code that is sensitive to new membership values, aims and a changing business model. Family Education All the owners should know what it means to own a family business, and what  professional ownership means. Emotion-Added Value It is important to come together and have family days so that you have the chance to enjoy being a member of the group. Family Office You may want to start a family office and do family philanthropy together. FUNDS AND INVESTMENT STRUCTURE With a dedicated funds, investment and tax team, including lawyers with corporate, tax and trust experience, we are able to provide the targeted investment structuring advice on which family offices depend. leading investment managers and fund managers, to ensure that private investments are designed and structured to mitigate taxation and provide the greatest opportunity for returns. LEGAL RISK STRUCTURE Risks from many directions, including legal liability, risk of investment loss or devaluation, compliance failure, tax and property law change, security (this includes risks to property and person) family dissension, divorce and indiscretion. The mitigation and balancing of risk in all its forms is of paramount importance for many family business management. Wealthy families and family members are faced with many legal and investment challenges, and increasing regulatory scrutiny. These issues become more acute in the case of multi-generational families with members based in various countries who have international asset holdings Another key risk for clients is breach of confidentiality, especially in a world where the Internet means information anywhere is information everywhere.. It is possible to reduce such risks by the use of appropriate structuring and third party contracts but these measures should be taken when the office is established. If a breach occurs our Reputation Management team can help. . These include the offices of substantial international families with assets and family members in numerous countries, as well as more traditional families with large landed estates or entrepreneurial interests. Theses point should be consider: Conducting an audit of various substantial wealth-holding structures, to ensure they were watertight from a fiduciary and tax perspective. Undertaking a major review of the trust and asset structures of a large international family with international assets. One of the main purposes was to identify potential areas of risk for the family and take measures to safeguard against such risks going forward. CONCLUSION To conclude , we can say that this was the aforesaid explained report on innovative family business. Main facts that are dicussed in study are 1 meaning of family business management 2 current scenario 3 Type of structure for family business management 4 problems 5 innovative trends in family business management After studying all the above given study it is been very clearly understood that family business structure is one of the very common structure of business structure that is been used worldwide. As every business structure has its scenario, advantages , disadvantages, problems, and its new and emerging trends, it is similarly applied here. We can say that family business management is a trend that has been followed for years. Innovative method could be used for more flexibility in family business. RECOMMENDATIONS 1 overcome the internal dispute 2 proper engagement of all members 3 follow the structure that is bet suited to ones business 4 proper management 5 go as by the time. 6 properly implementing the strategy BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFRENCES http//www.family-business-experts.com http//www.familybusinessmagzine.com http//www.businessweek.com/magazine.com Astrachan, J. and Shanker, M. (2003). Family Businesses Contribution to the U.S. Economy: A Closer Look. Family Business Review, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 211-219. Colli, A. (2003). The History of Family Business, 1850 2000. Economic History Society. Chua, J., Chrisman, J., and Sharma, P. (1999). Defining the Family Business by Behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 19-39. Davis, J., Pitts, E., and Cormier, K. (1997). Challenges Facing the Family Companies .

Evolution Within a People in A Dolls House and An Enemy of the People

Evolution Within a People in A Doll's House and An Enemy of the People by Henrik Ibsen In all cultures it is easy to see the effects of change. Change can be a revolution, a new form of thought, or a new idea surfacing. No matter what these changes are, they often emerge from the minority. In several cases this results an uprising, turning the social system on end. Simple examples of this type of change can be seen in the French or American revolutions, and even in the hippie movement of the 1960's. These changes depict how an idea shared only by a select few can snowball into the mindset of thousands. Within A Doll's House and An Enemy of the People, Henrick Ibsen shows his standpoint on the benefits of social change, and evolution within a people. A Doll?s House presents a revolutionary change for Norway in the 1880?s. During this time period women were seen as second or even third class citizens, and though numerically this is not true, a minority . Ibsen presents his character Nora as a plaything, sorely manipulated by the men in her life. As the play pro...

Learning Styles and Theories Essay

There are multiple learning styles and theories that apply to individuals in multiple ways. The VARK learning style that my analysis revealed is read/write according to the questionnaire by Fleming (2001-2014). This categorization of my learning style compliments me well and I definitely agree that actually seeing the information spelled out in front of me allows me to better understand the information. The two learning theories that relate to my VARK learning style are behaviorism and constructivism. Behaviorism focusing on a clear goal with an automatic response and constructivism affording me the ability to problem solve. Being an andragogical learner I’m able to apply what I’ve learned during my pedagogical phase to my educational experiences. Let’s take a closer look at what behaviorism entails. Behaviorism focuses on the observable changes in behavior. Moreover, it’s the act of doing something new several times until it’s second nature. A prime example is while completing schoolwork the instructor provides continuous positive reinforcement; depending upon the grade the student will constantly modify their behavior until they receive positive reinforcement. According to Watson (n.d.) behaviorism’s goal is to explain relationships between precedent conditions (stimuli), behavior (responses), and consequences (reward, punishment, or neutral effect). Without the positive reinforcement the learned responses that the student exhibits will diminish. My VARK learning style relates to behaviorism by me receiving positive reinforcement through written praise; additionally, with good grades I will continue performing at the same level. Once I’ve developed an understanding of how a task needs to be accomplished I will tailor my actions towards that behavior to continue to receive that positive reinforcement and it becomes second nature. Along with observable changes in behavior, one-step further looks into constructivism and it’s aim on brain-based learning. Constructivism relies on what the learner already knows and the understanding of the subject at hand. Moreover, building new ideas or concepts are based upon current knowledge and past experiences and amplifies when actively engaged. According to Brunner (n.d.) the three stages of  intellectual development are enactive, iconic, and symbolic. Enactive is learning through actions on physical objects and the outcomes, iconic learning is through models and pictures, and lastly symbolic learning is the ability to think in abstract terms (Brunner, n.d.). Constructivism relates to my VARK learning style in the aspect that learning is ongoing and by reading and writing I’m constantly improving my skills and perception. There can be multiple interpretations of an excerpt of literature, therefore by having someone facilitate the learning process with the knowledge of my baseline understanding of the topic at hand that person can build upon it. Thus, my VARK learning style suggests I write out words repeatedly or read them to myself, which goes along with reviewing information multiple times, and learning takes time according to the principles of constructivism. As an adult learner my identified VARK learning style affects my educational pursuit positively. Falling into andragogical learning realm I have more experiences and therefore I can apply those experiences while learning. Adult learners take on the responsibility to be self-directed, and have a wealth of experience that enables them to transform information into meaningful cognitive and reality-based applications (Minter, 2011, p. 9). In retrospect the pedagogical concept requires the instructor to be more directive, placing students in a more passive role, and that students don’t have the motivation or maturity to be self-directed learners (Minter, 2011, p. 9). Applying active learning concepts such as reading and writing allows me to actively be categorized under the andragogical concept. Moreover, by writing and speaking the words to myself and reflecting to solve problems I’m practicing the concept of self-directed and problem-centered aspects of andragogical learni ng. Therefore, I will be able to apply my VARK learning style to complete my educational endeavors and continue on my path of success. The three learning theories of Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism can be applied to any of the four learning styles (visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic). I feel that we cannot generalize that a student will be classified solely under one learning style, they will adapt and apply what is more appropriate given the information or circumstances.  The learning theory used depends upon the learning situation. Being identified as an andragogical learner I’m able to apply life experiences, need to know, relevance of the subject matter and how it applies to me, and use my motivation to further my educational goals with the guidance of instructors that are more like facilitators. Malcolm Knowles paved the path for educators and students alike that entail specific learning principles to enable learners to thrive educationally and without his significant contribution who knows where we would be today. References Bruner, J. (n.d.). Constructivism & Discovery Learning. Retrieved from http://www.lifecircles- inc.com/Learningtheories/constructivism/bruner.html Fleming, N. D. (2001-2014). Retrieved from http://www.vark-learn.com/english/index.asp Minter, R. (2011). The Learning Theory Jungle. Journal of College Teaching and Learning, 8(6), 9. Watson, J. B. (n.d.). Behaviorism. Retrieved from http://www.lifecircles-inc.com/Learningtheories/behaviorism/Watson.html

Trade Area Analysis - 1660 Words

TRADE AREA ANALYSIS Trade Area Analysis, Development and Mapping Trade area analysis and mapping describe the characteristics of the area around a store or network of stores. Without accurate trade area definitions, you cannot measure the key statistics that impact a stores performance. Use trade area analysis to aid site selection and target marketing. Trade area analysis and mapping tell you: †¢ Where a stores customers are coming from †¢ How many customers you have in a trade area †¢ Where to look for for more customers Benefits of Trade Area Analysis †¢ Identify gaps or overlaps in the market coverage of your existing store network, and make corrections by opening, closing or moving stores †¢ Make better site selection†¦show more content†¦The dots indicate the locations of demographic samples. Red colored dots fall within the 5-mile radius. Note that samples located across the river would be included in the 5-mile demographic summaries for this site. Gravity Models: Gravity models, or spatial interaction models, define a trade area based on its attractiveness relative to other trade areas. These models provide an approximation of store trade area by putting the distribution of all locations (including competitors) into a geographical context and evaluating each locations relative attractiveness. Typically, a distance decay curve is used to model the spatial interaction of individual locations. Often size of the store, or store sales if available, is used to drive the attractiveness parameter. Gravity models are more sophisticated than simple radial approximations, but they still do not account for logistical barriers and they are limited by the availability and accuracy of competitor data. Moreover, gravity models basically are sophisticated algorithms, which may not be appropriate for non-technical analysts. Figure 2a. Gravity based patronage probability model showing the theoretical store trade area. The blue – green – yellow – red progression represents zones of increasing patronage probability. Figure 2b. Gravity based patronage probability model showing the locations of demographic sample sites. Blue colored dots fall within the patronage probability zones. Green colored dots indicateShow MoreRelatedAsean India Free Trade Area ( Aifta )1337 Words   |  6 Pages ASEAN-India Free Trade Area (AIFTA) In this paper, I shall provide you with important and detailed information, entailing who ASEAN-India is, how ASEAN-India was founded, why there was a need for ASEAN-India, and what type of business conducted, along with its contributing countries. This paper will further discuss each agreement that was signed into effect, to include The Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation, The Trade in Goods Agreement, Trade in Services Agreement, and theRead Morehuman resource961 Words   |  4 Pages   Which of the following is true of the CFTA? 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